​Ear discomfort is a frequent issue that can arise from several common conditions, including earwax buildup, tinnitus, and swimmer’s ear. These problems often cause symptoms such as fullness, itching, ringing, congestion, or mild pain. While most cases are minor, they can still be disruptive and frustrating. Understanding the cause of your symptoms—and knowing which over-the-counter options can help—makes it easier to manage them safely at home. Below are the most common ear-related concerns and practical OTC strategies to address them before deciding whether medical care is needed.

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Earwax Buildup

Earwax buildup commonly causes a feeling of fullness, muffled hearing, itching, or a dull ache inside the ear. Some people also experience mild dizziness or ringing (tinnitus). Symptoms often worsen after swimming or showering because earwax absorbs water and becomes more swollen, further blocking the ear canal.

OTC ear drops containing carbamide peroxide help soften hardened wax, making it easier to clear. After softening drops, a gentle rubber bulb syringe with warm water may help flush out loosened wax. Cotton swabs should never be inserted into the ear canal because they push wax deeper, risk injury, and can worsen the blockage. If home treatment doesn’t improve symptoms within a few days, a healthcare professional may need to remove impacted wax safely.

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Tinnitus

Tinnitus can sound like ringing, buzzing, humming, or whooshing, and may be continuous or occasional. It can result from earwax buildup, loud noise exposure, sinus congestion, age-related hearing changes, or infections. Sinus-related tinnitus may be accompanied by nasal pressure or congestion, while infection-related tinnitus may worsen when lying down and involve discharge or temporary hearing loss.

If tinnitus is linked to inflammation or ear discomfort, OTC ibuprofen or acetaminophen may provide temporary relief. When sinus congestion or allergies contribute to the problem, oral antihistamines or decongestants may help reduce pressure inside the ear and sinuses. Because tinnitus can sometimes indicate a more serious condition—especially if it is one-sided, sudden, or worsening—persistent symptoms should be evaluated by a healthcare provider.

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Swimmer’s Ear

Swimmer’s ear (outer ear canal irritation) often begins with itching, mild redness, or tenderness when touching the outside of the ear. Water trapped inside the ear canal after swimming, showering, or heavy sweating can create a moist environment where irritation or bacteria thrive. Without treatment, symptoms can progress to swelling, drainage, or sharp pain.

OTC drying drops containing alcohol or acetic acid can help evaporate trapped water and reduce early irritation. At the first sign of discomfort, mild drying or antiseptic drops may help relieve symptoms. However, if pain becomes severe, swelling increases, or discharge develops, prescription treatment is usually required to clear the infection.

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When to See a Doctor

Seek medical care if you experience:

• Persistent, worsening, or severe ear pain

• Drainage, bleeding, or foul-smelling discharge

• Noticeable hearing loss or continued blockage

• Dizziness, fever, or worsening symptoms after OTC treatment

• Sudden or one-sided tinnitus

• Difficulty hearing after wax removal attempts