Female Contraceptives
Over the counter options
Did you know that you can get some birth control pills without a prescription?
Female birth control options provide accessible ways to prevent pregnancy without a prescription. These include daily hormonal pills like Opill, emergency contraception for use after unprotected sex, and spermicides or vaginal films that disable sperm before fertilization. Each method works differently, and effectiveness depends on choosing the right option and using it correctly.
While convenient and reliable for many people, these OTC methods do not protect against sexually transmitted infections, so pairing them with barrier methods when needed offers more complete protection.
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Vaginal Contraceptive Gels & Films
Hormone-free, over-the-counter options that use the spermicide nonoxynol-9 to help prevent pregnancy by immobilizing or killing sperm before they reach the egg. Contraceptive gels are applied with an applicator before intercourse, while VCF® vaginal films are thin, dissolvable sheets placed inside the vagina, releasing spermicide as they dissolve. However, they are less effective when used alone compared to prescription birth control and work best when paired with condoms for added pregnancy prevention and protection against sexually transmitted infections. Each application is effective for one act of intercourse, so a new dose must be used every time.
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Emergency Contraceptives(eg. Plan B®)
Emergency contraception pill that helps prevent pregnancy after unprotected sex or birth control failure (e.g., condom breakage, missed pills). Most effective when taken ASAP, ideally within 24 hours, but works up to 72 hours. Does not work if you are already pregnant and is not meant for regular birth control.
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Opill® Progestin-Only Daily birth control Pills
The first daily oral contraceptive available without a prescription in the U.S. Contains norethindrone (a progestin) that prevents pregnancy mainly by thickening cervical mucus and sometimes stopping ovulation. Must be taken at the same time every day for maximum effectiveness. Good for those seeking a long-term, hormone-based option without a doctor’s visit.
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For regular non-hormonal options, spermicide gels, films, and suppositories provide convenience but are less effective when used alone—they work best with condoms for added protection.
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Emergency contraception (Plan B One-Step®) should be taken as soon as possible after unprotected sex. The sooner it’s taken, the more effective it is.
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For ongoing daily birth control, Opill® is now available without a prescription, making it an accessible option if taken consistently at the same time every day.
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None of these methods protect against sexually transmitted infections (STIs)—condoms are still the best choice for STI protection.​
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